Project Gutenberg: e-littattafai a cikin yankin jama'a

Ina tsammanin yawancinku sun riga sun san shi, amma ga waɗanda ba su sani ba, zan ɗan yi sharhi kaɗan: the Gutenberg aikin yana daya daga cikin manyan ayyukan tarin littattafan yanki. Ya kasance yana aiki tun daga 1971 da niyyar tattara littattafan yankin jama'a (waɗanda ba su da haƙƙin mallaka saboda ya ƙare ko kuma saboda ba su taɓa samun sa ba) kuma a samar da su ga mafi yawan adadin masu amfani.

A halin yanzu suna cikin Project Gutenberg fiye da litattafai 40.000, mafi yawansu suna cikin Turanci (34.498), amma akwai kuma adadi mai yawa na Sinanci (406), Jamusanci (932), Faransanci (2.144), Italiyanci (359), Sifen (343), Fotigal (539) da wasu yarukan daban, ciki har da Esperanto (84).

An sanya masa suna ne daga Johannes Gutenberg, wanda ya ƙirƙira injin buga takardu masu motsi wanda, a cikin 1450, ya sauƙaƙa buga littattafan "masana'antu". Kirkirar sabuwar dabba'in buga takardu ta bada izini yawan mutane suna samun damar shiga littattafai cewa, har zuwa wannan lokacin, ya kasance akwai toan kaɗan kuma, saboda haka, yaɗuwar al'adu (da kyau, kada mu ƙara gishiri, har yanzu littattafai sun kasance "kayan alatu").

Fuskanci wasu ayyukan kasuwanci na yanzu (kamar su 24 Alamomi, don bayar da misali na kwanan nan), ɗaukar matsayin tunani na sauƙaƙe damar yin amfani da littattafai kyauta da kuma yaɗa al'adu, da kuma tsammanin kasancewar damar isa ga hanyar sadarwa, Michael Hart ya ɗauki matakin farko zuwa ƙirƙirar Project Gutenberg tare da lambobi na Sanarwar Independancin Amurka. Kada mu manta da cewa, a cikin 1971, yin digitizing yayi daidai da ɓata lokaci mai tsini akan madannin don canza rubutu zuwa fayil ɗin kwamfuta. Theaddamar da na'urar daukar hotan takardu da OCR sun sauƙaƙa sauƙaƙe, kamar yadda zaku iya tunanin, hanyar faɗaɗawa da haɓaka aikin.

Labari mai dangantaka:

Kobo Aura Daya sake dubawa

Kasancewa cikin Gutenberg dubban masu sa kai waɗanda ke tsunduma cikin ayyukan digitization, bita da kuma bugawa littattafai, da nufin (kamar yadda na riga na fada) na samar da al'adu ga mutane da yawa yadda zai yiwu. Ta wannan hanyar, duk wani littafi da aka saka a cikin gidan yanar gizon Gutenberg Project za a iya rarraba shi ba tare da wani nau'in ƙuntatawa ba matuƙar ana ci gaba da jagorantar aikin kuma ba a canza abin da ke ciki ta kowace hanya.

Da farko ana samun littattafan ne kawai a fayilolin rubutu amma, tare da haɓakar karatun dijital, An gabatar da shahararrun tsarukan dijital: .epub, .html, .pdf ko .mobi, da sauransu. Baya ga littattafai masu lamba, akwai kuma littattafan mai jiwuwa, hotuna ko kiɗa, koyaushe a ƙarƙashin wannan jigo: "ba na haƙƙin mallaka ba."

Ta wannan hanyar, akan gidan yanar gizon Gutenberg Project zamu iya samun kusan duk manyan litattafan adabi: Shakespeare, Molière, Plato, Verne, Dickens, Dante, Cervantes, da dai sauransu. Wani abu mai matukar amfani ta fuskar ilimi; A zahiri, idan da 'yan shekarun da suka gabata ina da mai karatu da kuma alaƙa da aikin, da ya cece ni yawan tafiye-tafiye zuwa laburaren jama'a (don gano hakan The Quixote ya kasance bashi).

Yana da injin bincike mai kyau kuma, da zarar kun gano injin bincike na ci gaba, zaku iya saita masu tacewa ta marubuci, take, yare, batun, rukuni, nau'in fayil, da dai sauransu. Daga can, Ina ba ku shawarar ku zagaya cikin yanar gizo, ku nemi marubuta ko littattafan da suka fi jan hankalin ku kuma suka more.

Babu shakka, duk wanda yake so zai iya yi aiki tare akan Project Gutenberg ta hanyoyi daban-daban, misali ta hanyar yin dijital, yin bita da kuma gyara littattafai (yana yiwuwa kuma a bayar da gudummawa sauƙaƙa).

Ba shine kawai aikin wannan nau'in yake wanzu ba. Misali, da Makarantar Kimiyya ta Kimiyya wanda, kamar yadda sunansa ya nuna, yana mai da hankali kan wallafe-wallafen kimiyya da likita ko Miguel de Cervantes Makarantar Virtual wannan yana ba mu damar samun dama kyauta da dama na wallafe-wallafen Mutanen Espanya da Latin Amurka.

Informationarin bayani - 24 Alamu: aikin Mutanen Espanya ne a duniyar littattafan

Source - Gutenberg aikin