Impela uma besibuze ukuthi yini i- umbhalo omdala kakhulu ngeSpanishi emlandweni Besingeke sazi ukuthi sizophendula sithini, kepha singalokotha sithi igcinwe endaweni ethile eMtatsheni Wezincwadi Kazwelonke noma kunoma imuphi umnyuziyamu eSpain, kepha ngokungakholelwa cishe kwawo wonke umuntu, umbhalo omdala kunayo yonke ngeSpanishi utholakele kulezi zinsuku eScotland ezandleni zomuntu ngamunye.
Lo mbhalo, onemidwebo engama-32 namakhasi angama-44, unelungelo "Indaba yamadoda ayisikhombisa ahlakaniphile aseRoma" futhi latholwa nguSolwazi María Jesús Lacarra, osebenza nsuku zonke e-Faculty of Letters of the University of Zaragoza, ngendlela enelukuluku lokusho okuncane.
Futhi ngukuthi lo thisha uhlangabezane nale incunabula ngenkathi ebukeza imisebenzi ebikusigcinalwazi esiNgisi sedijithali ku-incunabula. Kwifayela lomsebenzi kwacaciswa ukuthi ukuthola imininingwane eminingi ngomsebenzi, umuntu kuzofanele aye e-Edinburgh Library. Lo thisha wase-Aragonese akazange aye eMtapowolwazi, kepha waxhumana nabo, abamsiza ukuba axhumane nomnikazi owagcina, ngemuva kwezingxoxo ezinzima, wanquma ukumthumelela ikhophi esetshenzisiwe yomsebenzi wakhe wokufunda kanye nokuhlaziya.
Lo msebenzi udume kakhulu emhlabeni wonke futhi uhunyushelwe cishe kuzo zonke izilimi ezikhona. Ekuqaleni kukholakala ukuthi Kungenzeka ukuthi kwakungeyeNdlunkulu YaseSpain ngekhulu le-XNUMX, eyathathwa ngemuva kokuthi inyatheliswe eZaragoza. Kamuva umsebenzi wadlulela ezandleni zomdwebi waseNgilandi uCharles Fairfax Murray, umlandeli omkhulu wezincwadi kanye nokupenda futhi owabona iqoqo lakhe elihlonishwayo lifakwa endalini ngemuva kokufa kwakhe. Kuleyo ndali, le incunabula cishe yatholwa ngumnikazi wayo wamanje.
Akungabazeki ukuthi ukutholakala okuthakazelisa kakhulu futhi okuyigugu, ngeshwa futhi okwamanje akukwazi ukulondolozwa futhi kuboniswe eSpain noma kunoma yiliphi izwe lapho iSpanishi ilulimi olusemthethweni futhi luzoqhubeka eScotland lapho umnikazi walo engekho. Wayazi ukuthi wayenombhalo omdala kakhulu ngeSpanishi emlandweni.
Ukutholakala okuhle kakhulu, ngethemba lokuthi singahlangana naye kungekudala.
Halala !!!
Kuyangijabulisa ukwazi ukuthi umbhalo uthini ...
Ngabe ukhuluma ngekhulu le-XNUMX BC. ?
Yebo, le ndatshana ebhalwe kabi ayishiyi kungabaza:
Ngabe umdwebi uvusiwe yini ukubona indali?
Unjani usuku lombhalo? Vele kuvela ku-s. I-XIX ayindala kakhulu….
Ingabe indala kunothando lweCid lwekhulu le-XNUMX/XNUMX?
"Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi lo msebenzi wadlulela ezandleni zomdwebi waseNgilandi uCharles Fairfax Murray, owayengumlandeli omkhulu wezincwadi kanjalo nowokupenda futhi owabona ukuthi iqoqo lakhe lodumo lafakwa kanjani endalini ngemuva kokushona kwakhe." Uyajabula umdwebi waseNgilandi, okwathi ngemuva kokufa kwakhe wabona iqoqo lakhe lisendalini. Kumele ukuthi uthengise umphefumulo wakhe kusathane ukuze azobona indali. Indatshana edabukisayo, iveze konke kabi. Umbhali kufanele abe namahloni.
Ngemuva kokubona ukuthi kubhalwe kanjani nokungahambelani okushiwo, umuntu uyangabaza iqiniso lezindaba.
Kunjalo, ngicabanga nokuthi akusasafanele kunikezwe isikweletu.
Ayibhalwanga kabi kuphela, kepha ayinakho ukuqina. I-incunabula yincwadi ephrintiwe, lokhu kusho ukuthi kugxivizwa ngendlela yokuphrinta evame ukubizwa ngokuthi ukuphrinta. Izincwadi ezindala kakhulu ezinyathelisiwe zivela ngekhulu le-90, ngakho-ke ngokwalokho okusitshelwa yilo mbhalo, kuzofanele sithathe ukuthi le incunabula ngeSpanishi ingalandelelwa kakhulu emuva kulelo khulu leminyaka, le-XNUMX. Kepha cha, lapho-ke bekungeke kube umbhalo omdala kunayo yonke ngesiCastilian, ngakho-ke futhi kufanele silungise i-athikili nalapho ibeka khona incunabula ukucabanga ukuthi isho ukuthi "kukhanyisiwe" noma "miniaturized" okuyizincwadi ezisesikhumba hhayi iphepha elifana neLiphrintiwe, bevame ukwenziwa ngesandla ngokubhala izindela nabakopishi. Uma isithombe esinikezwe yilo mbhalo sihlobene nombhalo oshiwo ngenhla, lowo mfanekiso ungowencwadi ekhanyiswe ngesandla esikhunjeni sezingane esaziwa ngokuthi isikhumba. Kulokhu, singacabanga ukuthi labo abasesigodlweni sezindela saseValpuesta, amakhilomitha angama-XNUMX ukusuka enhlokodolobha yaseBurgos, bangaphambilini. Imibhalo emidala kunayo yonke yatholakala lapho (kusukela ngekhulu lesi-XNUMX) efaka amagama eSpanishi, emishweni lapho isiLatin sasinyamalala khona nokuhleleka okunengqondo kwalolu limi olusha.
Le mibhalo yaziwa ngokuthi yiCartulary of Valpuesta kanye nesazi-mlando sakudala nesethenjwa solimi, uRamón Menéndez Pidal, asevele ebalulile esifundweni sakhe u-Origen del Español.
Ngeke kumangaze ukuthi mhlawumbe ngemuva kokungaziphathi kahle okungaka umdwebi nomqoqi uCharles Fairfax Murray evuka ethuneni ukuze ahlele kabusha
Futhi, uthi "wabona ukuthi iqoqo lakhe lathengiswa kanjani endalini ngemuva kokushona kwakhe ..." Unjani wena?
Futhi isithombe sivela encwadini ebhalwe entweni ebukeka isiFulentshi ...
Umbhalo wasendulo owakhonjiswa 'ngokuqoshwa'? Ake sibone ukuthi sifunda kancane yini!