Ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba basibuze ukuba yintoni Umbhalo indala ngeSpanish kwimbali Besingazi ukuba siphendule sithini, kodwa singazama ukungqina ukuba igcinwe naphi na kwiLayibrari yeSizwe okanye nakweyiphi na imyuziyam eSpain, kodwa ngokungakholelwa phantse kuwo wonke umntu, owona mbhalo mdala waseSpanish ufumanekile kwezi ntsuku eScotland ezandleni zomntu.
Lo mbhalo, unemikrolo engama-32 kunye namafoto angama-44, unelungelo "Ibali lezazi ezisixhenxe zaseRoma" kwaye yafunyanwa nguNjingalwazi uMaría Jesús Lacarra, osebenza yonke imihla kwiFakhalthi yeeleta zeDyunivesithi yaseZaragoza, ngendlela enomdla yokuthetha okuncinci.
Kwaye lo titshala wadibana nale incunabula ngelixa wayejonga imisebenzi eyayikwiziko ledatha lesiNgesi ledatha kwi-incunabula. Kwifayile yomsebenzi kwacaciswa ukuba ukufumana ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nomsebenzi, kuya kufuneka umntu aye kwiThala leencwadi lase-Edinburgh. Lo titshala waseAragonese khange aye kwiThala leencwadi, kodwa waqhagamshelana nabo, abamnceda ukuba aqhakamshelane nomninimzi owathi, emva kothethathethwano olunzima, wagqiba ekubeni amthumelele ikopi efundwayo yomsebenzi wakhe. Uhlalutyo.
Lo msebenzi uthandwa kakhulu kwihlabathi liphela kwaye uguqulelwe phantse kuzo zonke iilwimi ezikhoyo. Ekuqaleni kukholelwa ukuba Isenokuba yeyendlu yasebukhosini yaseSpain ngenkulungwane ye-XNUMX, eyathi yathathwa emva kokuba iprintwe eZaragoza. Emva kwexesha umsebenzi wagqithiselwa ezandleni zomzobi waseNgilandi uCharles Fairfax Murray, umlandeli omkhulu weencwadi ngokunjalo nokupeyinta kwaye wabona ingqokelela yakhe yodumo ithengiswa kwifandesi emva kokubhubha kwakhe. Kule fandesi, le incunabulum phantse yafunyanwa ngumnini wayo wangoku.
Akuthandabuzeki ukuba yinto enomdla kwaye exabisekileyo, ngelishwa kwaye okwangoku ayinakugcinwa kwaye iboniswe eSpain okanye nakweliphi na ilizwe apho iSpanish ilulwimi olusemthethweni kwaye luza kuqhubeka eScotland apho umniniyo engekho. Wayesazi ukuba wayenombhalo wakudala kwiSpanish embalini.
Ukufumanisa okugqwesileyo, ngethemba lokuba singadibana naye kungekudala.
Halala !!!
Ndinomdla wokwazi ukuba sithini isicatshulwa ...
Ngaba ubhekisa kwinkulungwane ye-XNUMX BC. ?
Ewe, eli nqaku libhalwe kakubi lishiya ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo:
Ngaba umzobi wavuswa ukuze abone ifandesi?
Lithini olu xwebhu? Ewe ivela kwi- s. IXIX mdala kakhulu….
Ngaba indala kunothando lweCid lwenkulungwane ye-XNUMX / XNUMXth?
"Ekuhambeni kwexesha umsebenzi wagqithiselwa ezandleni zomzobi waseNgilandi uCharles Fairfax Murray, owayethanda iincwadi kananjalo nokupeyinta nowabona ingqokelela yakhe yodumo ithengiswa kwifandesi emva kokubhubha kwakhe." Wonwabile umzobi wesiNgesi, othe emva kokubhubha kwakhe wabona ingqokelela yakhe yathengiswa. Inokuba uthengise umphefumlo wakhe kumtyholi ukuze abone ifandesi. Inqaku elibuhlungu, indlela echazwe kakubi ngayo yonke into. Umbhali kufuneka abe neentloni.
Emva kokubona indlela ebhalwe ngayo nengangqinelaniyo ithi, umntu uyabuthandabuza ubunyani beendaba.
Kulungile, ndicinga ukuba akusayi kuphinda kunikezwe ngetyala kuyo.
Ayibhalwanga kakubi kuphela, kodwa ayinangxaki. I-incunabula yincwadi eprintiweyo, oku kuthetha ukugximfizwa ngendlela yoshicilelo edla ngokubizwa ngokuba kukushicilela. Ezona ncwadi zindala ezaziwayo ezishicilelweyo zisusela kwinkulungwane ye-90, ke ngoko ngokokuxelelwa sisicatshulwa, kuya kufuneka sithathe ukuba le incunabula ngeSpanish inokulandwa emva kwinkulungwane, ye-XNUMX. Kodwa hayi, ngekhe ibengowona mbhalo mdala ngesiCastilian, ke kwakhona kufuneka sililungisile inqaku kwaye apho libeka khona incunabula ukucinga ukuba lithetha "ukukhanya" okanye "miniaturized" eziziincwadi ezikwisikhumba hayi kwi iphepha elifana nePrintiweyo, babedla ngokwenziwa ngesandla ngokubhala iimonki kunye nabakhupheli. Ukuba umfanekiso obonelelwe linqaku unxulumene nombhalo okhankanywe apha ngasentla, loo mfanekiso yincwadi ekhanyiswe ngesandla kulusu lomntwana olubizwa ngokuba sisikhumba. Kule meko, sinokucinga ukuba abo bakwindlu yeemonki iValpuesta, kwiikhilomitha ezingama-XNUMX ukusuka kwikomkhulu laseBurgos, ngaphambili. Amaxwebhu amadala afunyanwa apho (ukusukela kwinkulungwane ye-XNUMX) abandakanya amagama eSpanish, kwizivakalisi apho isiLatin sasinyamalala khona kwaye nolandelelwano olusengqiqweni lolwimi olutsha lwanconywa.
Le mibhalo yaziwa njengeCartulary yaseValpuesta kunye nembali yezembali kunye nesalathiso solwimi, uRamón Menéndez Pidal, esele ebakhankanyile kwisifundo sakhe u-Origen del Español.
Ayimangalisi into yokuba mhlawumbi emva kokungaziphathi kakuhle kangako opeyintayo nomqokeleli uCharles Fairfax Murray evuka engcwabeni ukuze abeke ucwangco kwakhona
Ukongeza, uthi "wabona indlela ingqokelela yakhe eqeshwe ngayo emva kokubhubha kwakhe ..." Unjani wena?
Kwaye ifoto isuka kwincwadi ebhalwe kwinto ebonakala ngathi sisiFrentshi ...
Isicatshulwa samaxesha aphakathi esiboniswe 'ngemikrolo'? Masibone ukuba sifundisisa kancinci!